{"id":19281,"date":"2026-06-11T19:23:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T19:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/?p=19281"},"modified":"2026-06-11T19:54:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T19:54:05","slug":"1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/","title":{"rendered":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"19281\" class=\"elementor elementor-19281\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1c14a7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b1c14a7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85c9ac2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85c9ac2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"1\">En medio de la ofensiva terrorista del narcotr\u00e1fico, el magnicidio de tres candidatos presidenciales y el nacimiento de una revoluci\u00f3n estudiantil, Colombia vivi\u00f3 las elecciones m\u00e1s sangrientas, impredecibles y transformadoras de su historia contempor\u00e1nea.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Entrar a un cuarto de votaci\u00f3n en Colombia en mayo de 1990 no era un acto de rutina; era un acto de fe y de valent\u00eda. El pa\u00eds cruj\u00eda bajo el terrorismo de los extraditables liderados por Pablo Escobar, los carros bomba y la violencia pol\u00edtica. Lo que deb\u00eda ser una contienda electoral est\u00e1ndar se convirti\u00f3 en una partida de ajedrez donde las piezas principales eran eliminadas a balazos, obligando a una recomposici\u00f3n vertiginosa del poder a semanas de las urnas.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"4\">El tablero ensangrentado: Tres magnicidios en l\u00ednea<\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"5\">La campa\u00f1a presidencial de 1990 no se defini\u00f3 en los estudios de televisi\u00f3n, sino en las calles y aeropuertos donde la violencia mafiosa y paramilitar cort\u00f3 de ra\u00edz tres visiones de pa\u00eds. El ambiente de tensi\u00f3n extrema reformul\u00f3 las candidaturas de manera dr\u00e1stica:<\/p><ul><li data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\">El fantasma de Gal\u00e1n: Tras el asesinato de Luis Carlos Gal\u00e1n en agosto de 1989, su jefe de debate, C\u00e9sar Gaviria, recogi\u00f3 las banderas del nuevo liberalismo en una emotiva eleg\u00eda f\u00fanebre, convirti\u00e9ndose en el retador a vencer.<\/li><li data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\">La izquierda descabezada: El candidato de la Uni\u00f3n Patri\u00f3tica, Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa, fue asesinado en marzo de 1990. Pocas semanas despu\u00e9s, en abril, Carlos Pizarro Leong\u00f3mez, comandante del desmovilizado M-19 y s\u00edmbolo de la paz, corri\u00f3 la misma suerte en pleno vuelo comercial.<\/li><li data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\">La derecha dividida: El ala conservadora acudi\u00f3 fracturada entre el oficialismo de Rodrigo Lloreda y el empuje disidente de \u00c1lvaro G\u00f3mez Hurtado (Movimiento de Salvaci\u00f3n Nacional).<\/li><\/ul><h3 data-path-to-node=\"7\">Enfoque especial: La sombra del narcoterrorismo y la \u00abS\u00e9ptima Papeleta\u00bb<\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"8\">El eje central de esta elecci\u00f3n fue la supervivencia misma del Estado frente al narcotr\u00e1fico. Mientras las bombas de los carteles buscaban arrodillar a los candidatos para prohibir la extradici\u00f3n de colombianos a Estados Unidos, la sociedad civil encontr\u00f3 una rendija para cambiar las reglas del juego.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"9\">La gran sorpresa de la jornada no vino de una alianza partidista, sino de las universidades. El movimiento estudiantil promovi\u00f3 de manera informal la \u00abS\u00e9ptima Papeleta\u00bb en los comicios legislativos de marzo de 1990. Esta iniciativa exig\u00eda la convocatoria a una Asamblea Nacional Constituyente. El Gobierno de Virgilio Barco valid\u00f3 el conteo de este voto extra, lo que abri\u00f3 la puerta para sepultar la vieja Constituci\u00f3n de 1886.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"10\">El veredicto de las urnas<\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"11\">Sin una segunda vuelta instaurada (beneficio que justamente traer\u00eda la reforma constitucional posterior), el juego se defini\u00f3 el 27 de mayo de 1990. En una jornada marcada por el miedo pero tambi\u00e9n por una profunda necesidad de cambio, C\u00e9sar Gaviria se impuso con contundencia aprovechando el impulso del legado de Gal\u00e1n y el deseo de renovaci\u00f3n institucional.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En medio de la ofensiva terrorista del narcotr\u00e1fico, el magnicidio de tres candidatos presidenciales y el nacimiento de una revoluci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elecciones-tolima-2019"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En medio de la ofensiva terrorista del narcotr\u00e1fico, el magnicidio de tres candidatos presidenciales y el nacimiento de una revoluci\u00f3n [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"El Confesionario\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"552\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"367\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jefe de Redaccion\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jefe de Redaccion\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jefe de Redaccion\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1796159f47a20380737c24c025ea321a\"},\"headline\":\"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":511,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/image-2-2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Pol\u00edtica\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/\",\"name\":\"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/image-2-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/image-2-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/image-2-2.jpg\",\"width\":552,\"height\":367,\"caption\":\"image (2)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/\",\"name\":\"El Confesionario\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"El Confesionario\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/confesionario-horizontal.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/confesionario-horizontal.png\",\"width\":581,\"height\":148,\"caption\":\"El Confesionario\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1796159f47a20380737c24c025ea321a\",\"name\":\"Jefe de Redaccion\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jefe de Redaccion\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/confesionario.co\\\/w\\\/author\\\/redaccion\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario","og_description":"En medio de la ofensiva terrorista del narcotr\u00e1fico, el magnicidio de tres candidatos presidenciales y el nacimiento de una revoluci\u00f3n [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/","og_site_name":"El Confesionario","article_published_time":"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00","og_image":[{"width":552,"height":367,"url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Jefe de Redaccion","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Jefe de Redaccion","Tiempo de lectura":"3 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/"},"author":{"name":"Jefe de Redaccion","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#\/schema\/person\/1796159f47a20380737c24c025ea321a"},"headline":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia","datePublished":"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/"},"wordCount":511,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","articleSection":["Pol\u00edtica"],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/","url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/","name":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia - El Confesionario","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","datePublished":"2026-06-11T19:23:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-11T19:54:05+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","width":552,"height":367,"caption":"image (2)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/1990-la-democracia-bajo-fuego-y-el-ano-que-cambio-el-mapa-del-poder-en-colombia\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"1990: La democracia bajo fuego y el a\u00f1o que cambi\u00f3 el mapa del poder en Colombia"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#website","url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/","name":"El Confesionario","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#organization","name":"El Confesionario","url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/confesionario-horizontal.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/confesionario-horizontal.png","width":581,"height":148,"caption":"El Confesionario"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/#\/schema\/person\/1796159f47a20380737c24c025ea321a","name":"Jefe de Redaccion","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/29fde9e54cb288b4174854ccdd2c2207cec6bb9eefe0b515e5824ba129a8498e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jefe de Redaccion"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/confesionario.co"],"url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/author\/redaccion\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-2-2.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19281","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19281"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19281\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19286,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19281\/revisions\/19286"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/confesionario.co\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}